Shale-breaker.



W. R CUNNINGHAM.

SHALE BREAKER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 10, 1909.

Patented May 24-, 1910.

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SHALE BREAKER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 10, 1909.

w 7 m mm mw m MMW VJT mm w Ma m 1 u m C m 2 wmm m a WW W 9 wag WILLIAMR. CUNNINGHAM,

OF BUCYRUS, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE AMERICAN CLAY MACHINERY COMPANY, OFBUCYRUS, OHIO, A CORPORATION.

SHALE-BREAKER.

To all whom "it may concern:

Be it known that I, VVILLIAM R. CUN- NINGHAM, a citizen of the UnitedStates residing at Bucyrus, in the county of Crawford and State of Ohio,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Shale-Breakers, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements inmachines designed, especially, for the crushing of clods of clay in themanufacture of brick and tiles and other clay products; and theinvention consists of the parts and the construction, arrangements andcombinations of parts which I will hereinafter describe and claim.

In the manufacture of what is termed shale brick in a great many of themodernequipped yards, steam shovels are used for taking the clay fromthe claybank. Often the clay is delivered in large pieces, and it isexpensive and quite a diflicult task to break these large pieces and toreduce them sufficiently small for the operation of the usualgrinding-pans, without causing the pans to be over-taxed, and in a greatmany instances producing breakages and entailing large repair bills.

To overcome the above objections and obviate the expense and troublewhich is common in clay plants due to the handling of clay in the formabove mentioned, is the essential object of the present invention.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification and inwhich similar reference characters indicate like parts in the severalviews, Figure 1 is a plan view of a shale breaker embodying the salientfeatures of my invention. Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view on the lineX-X of Fig. 1, of the breaker roll, showing certain of the breaker barsomitted. Fig. 3 is a part elevation and part sectional view of thebreaker roll detached. Fig. 4 is a vertical section on a reduced scale,on a line corresponding to the line 0c-w of Fig. 1, and showing a hopperin place.

In carrying out my invention, I employ a suitable low frame 1, which isprovided on its upper surface with appropriate journal-bearings 2 and 3,for the opposite ends of a horizontal shaft, 4, said shaft being adriving shaft having fixed to one end a fly wheel, 5, and to the otherend a pinion, 7, these parts being secured to the shaft by Specificationof Letters Patent.

Application filed May 10, 1909.

through holes,

Patented May 24, 1910. Serial No. 495,095.

any of the usual and well known methods, and said pinion adapted to meshwith and drive a large master gear wheel 8 which is appropriately fixedto the end of the breaker-head shaft, S, said shaft being sup ported injournal bearings, 9 and 10, formed in the main frame, 1.

The central portion of the frame is shown as being open and within thisportion is located the breaker-head or roll, said head or roll being, inpractice, securely fixed to the shaft by means of a key, not shown,engaging a key seat, shown at 20, in Fig. 2.

The breaker-head or roll is shown in detail in Figs. 2 and 3; itconsists of a heavy central hub-portion 12, and irregular shaped endflanges, 13 and 14, of greater diameter than the intermediate or hubportion of the head, said flanges being herein shown as notched orrecessed at four equi-distant points, 15, 16, 17 and 18, these recessesbeing designed to receive and form secure seats for appropriate heavybreaker bars, 19. I have shown four of these bars and which bars are,preferably, made square in cross section and of steel and hardened, buta greater or less number of said bars may be used to suit existingconditions. The breaker bars 19, may be secured to the flanges, 13 and14, by any suitable method, but I prefer to secure them in the followingmanner: Passing through the steel bars, 19, are countersunk bolts, 21and 22, these bolts passing 23 and 24, made in the flanges, 13 and 14,of the breaker roll as shown in Fig. 3. Suitable recesses, 25, areformed in the outer faces of the flanges, 13 and 14, and these recessesare adapted to receive the nuts, 26, which hold the bolts, 21 and 22,securely in place and thus firmly unite the breaker bars to the breakerroll, and yet afford means by which the bolts and bars may be removedwithout difliculty, should the occasion require the same.

By reference to Fig. 1 it will be seen that I pass through the endportions of the main frame 1, suitable steel rods, 27 and 28, said rodsbeing provided with collars, 29 and 30, which seat against portions ofthe frame as shown at 31 and 32. On the opposite end from the collars 29and 30, the rods are provided with lock-nuts, 33 and 34, adapted to holdsaid rods firmly in position. The ends of the rods opposite to thatportion carrying the nuts 33 and 34 are provided with screw threads 35and 36, these threaded portions of the rods passing through suitableopenings in the end portions of a stationary breaker bar 4L1, and saidbar being held to the rods by means of opposed sets of lock-nuts, 37 and38, and 39 and 4:0. he stationary breaker bar is mounted on top of theframe, 1, and is a heavy steel bar preferably square in cross sectionalthough other types of bars may be used without departing from thescope of my invention. It will also be observed, in Fig. 1, that I passthrough the end portion of the stationary breaker bar, 41, suitablebolts, 4A and 4-5, these bolts passing also through the slots or holes,46 and 47, formed in the main frame, 1, whereby I am permitted to adjustthe breaker bar toward or away from the circular path described by thebreaker bars of the revoluble breaker head.

In practice, the material delivered from the steam shovel or from othersuitable source, will be delivered into a hopper, Fig. 4, and whichhopper is of considerable capacity and is arranged above the frame withits lower end substantially close to the top of said frame and with theopening through the hopper in line with the opening in the frame, saidhopper being designed to feed the rough shale directly to the revolvingbreaker head, and which head is so arranged that it revolves through thelower open end of the hopper and also through the opening in the frame,as shown in Fig. 4E and at one side of which opening in the frame issecurely fixed the stationary breaker bar the inner surface of whichforms substantially a wall of the opening in the frame. As the breakerhead revolves, the large lumps or pieces are acted on bv the fixed andmovable breaker bars and reduced by a shearing action due to thecoaction of said bars, thus breaking the tough clay into piecessulfieiently small to adapt them for further reduction in the ordinarygrinding pan.

Experience has shown that oftentimes shale is of a very tough,rubber-like nature which makes it very diflicult to crush with theordinary machines designed for crushing such material, but this materialI have discovered, may easily be broken or reduced by subjecting it to ashearing action in the presence of stationary and movable shearing barsof the character before described. I am thus permitted to reduce thismore or less tenacious material into pieces small enough for thegrinding pans, thus overcoming the tendency of the pans being overtaxed,and reducing thecommon cause of breakages and large repair bills.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is l. A shale breaker for reducing lumpmaterial for grinding pans, said breaker having in combination ahorizontal frame with a vertical opening therethrough, a hopper havingits lower end substantially in line with said opening, a stationarybreaker bar fixed to the frame at one side of said opening, and arevoluble breaker head mounted on the frame so as to revolve in thelower open end of the hopper and also in the opening in the frame, saidhead having breaker bars fixed to it and adapted to reduce materialpositioned between said bars and the stationary bar;

'2. A shale breaker for reducing lump material for grinding pans, saidbreaker having in combination a horizontal frame with a vertical openingtherethrough, a hopper having its lower end substantially in line withand proximate to the opening in said frame, a breaker bar secured to theupper side of the frame proximate to the lower end of the hopper, and arevoluble breaker head centrally positioned in the opening and adaptedto revolve through the lower end of the hopper and the opening in theframe, said head having breaker bars fixed to it and extending from endto end and adapted to co-act with the stationary breaker bar to reducematerial positioned between said bars.

3. In a shale breaker, the combination with a supporting frame, and ahopper, said frame having an open center which is substantially in linewith the lower end of the hopper, the upper side of the frame and lowerend of the hopper being adjacent, a breaker bar fixed to the frame atone side of the opening and close to the lower end of the hopper, andupon which the lump material is received, a breaker head revolublethrough the lower end of the hopper and through the opening in saidframe, and breaker bars fixed to the head and co-acting with thestationary bar to shear material positioned between said bars.

at. A shale breaker comprising a horizontal frame having a verticalopening, a breaker bar fixed at one side of said open ing adjacent awall thereof, and a breaker head journaled centrally in said opening andrevoluble therethrough, said head comprising a hub portion and endflanges, said hub portion being of less diameter than the flanges so asto provide an opening between the flanges, and breaker bars fixed to theflanges and extending across the opening therebetween and adapted tocoact with the I stationary bar to shear material positioned between thestationary and movable bars.

5. A shale breaker comprising a horizontal frame having a verticalopening, a breaker bar fixed at one side of said opening adjacent a wallthereof, a breaker head journaled centrally in said opening andrevoluble therethrough, said head comprising a hub portion and endflanges, said hub portion being of less diameter than the flanges so asto provide an opening between the flanges, breaker bars fixed to theflanges and extending across the opening therebetween and adapted tocoact with the stationary bar to shear material positioned between thestationary and movable bars, said flanges having recesses to receive theends of the bars and means for securing said bars in said recesses.

6. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a frame,a revoluble breaker-head mounted thereon and comprising a hub portionhaving enlarged end flanges, said hub-portion extending from one endflange to the other, a shaft extending through and fixed to said hub,breaker-bars carried by said head and extending longitudinally thereof,a stationary breaker-bar fixed to the frame and arranged substantiallyparallel with the axis of the breakerhead, and means for securing thestationary bar in position, said means including bolts passing throughthe frame having collars on an intermediate portion abuttingthereagainst, said bolts having threaded portions passing through thestationary-bar, and nuts on said threaded portions of the rods atopposite sides of said bar.

7. In a machine of the character described, the combination of a frame,a revoluble breaker-head mounted thereon and compris ing a hub portionhaving enlarged end flanges, said hub-portion extending rom one endflange to the other, a shaft extending through and fixed to said hub,breaker-bars carried by said head and extending longitudinally thereof,a stationary breaker-bar fixed to the frame and arranged substantiallyparallel with the axis of the breaker-head, said flanges having radiallyrecessed seats for the bars, and bolts securing the bars to the flanges.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

WILLIAM R. CUNNINGHAM. Witnesses:

CHAs. D. DUMP, GoRA M. HOFFMAN.

